Heat & Cooking Methods
Parcook / Parbake
Also: parboil, par-cook, par-bake, pre-cook, prebake, blanch-and-hold
Partial pre-cooking of an ingredient to a point short of doneness, completing the cooking later or in a different process.
English; 'par' from Latin 'per' (through, thoroughly), though the prefix evolved to mean 'partially' in culinary usage by at least the 19th century.
Definition
Parcooking (also written par-cook) is the deliberate interruption of cooking at a stage before full doneness — typically 50–80% complete — so that the ingredient can be finished quickly to order, transported, or processed further. In professional kitchens it is a fundamental mise en place strategy: chicken thighs may be parcoooked sous vide at 155 °F then seared to order in minutes; potatoes are parboiled before roasting to create a craggy, steam-burst exterior; pizza dough is parbaked to a pale 'white' crust, cooled, then topped and finished at service. The technique separates the slow, capacity-intensive phase of cooking from the rapid, heat-intensive finish. Parboiling — the wet-heat variant — also leaches bitterness or excess starch: bitter melon is parboiled before stir-frying, and rice is parboiled during production of converted rice to gelatinize starches before milling. In industrial baking, par-baked bread loaves are sold unfinished and completed by the retailer, extending shelf life while preserving crust quality.
In use
“We parcook the chicken quarters in seasoned stock for 25 minutes, then refrigerate them overnight — at service, three minutes over high heat on the grill brings them to a lacquered, crispy finish without any raw-center risk.”
See also
- TechniqueBlanching
- TechniqueSous Vide
- ConceptMise en Place
Related terms
References
- 1.On Food and Cooking — Harold McGee
- 2.The Professional Chef, 9th ed. — The Culinary Institute of America
- 3.Modernist Cuisine at Home — Nathan Myhrvold & Maxime Bilet
Confidence: high
Notes
Food-safety window
Parcooking falls into a dangerous temperature zone if the product lingers between 40 °F and 140 °F. HACCP-compliant kitchens require rapid chilling to below 40 °F within two hours of parcooking and clear labeling with date and time. Incomplete cooking followed by inadequate chilling is a leading cause of foodborne illness outbreaks in catering operations.
Parbaking pizza dough
A parbaked crust is baked to roughly 60–70% doneness — no color, but the gluten structure is set and the dough is no longer raw. This allows toppings to be applied and the pizza to be flash-baked in a very hot oven (850–950 °F in a wood-fired deck) in 90 seconds without burning the crust or undercooking the center.