Adas (Red Lentil Soup)

شوربة العدسar

Also: Shorbat adas, Iraqi lentil soup, Adas soup

A smooth red lentil soup seasoned with cumin and lemon and finished with fried onion, a staple light meal across Iraq and the wider Levant.

Identity criteria

  1. 1Red (split) lentils cooked until they break down into a smooth, thick soup
  2. 2Cumin as the defining spice
  3. 3Finished with lemon juice for brightness
  4. 4Garnished with fried or crisped onion (and often a drizzle of oil)
  5. 5Comforting, blended, golden-orange texture rather than chunky

Components

Base

Red split lentilsessentialTheir tendency to disintegrate gives the soup its body

Aromatics

Onion, garlicessential

Fat

Olive oil or butteressential

Acid

Lemon juiceessentialServed squeezed in or alongside

Liquid

Water or stockessential

Seasoning

CuminessentialThe signature spice of adas soup

Turmeric, salt, sometimes chilioptional

Garnish

Fried onionessentialThe characteristic topping

Technique

Simmering lentils to collapse
Red lentils break apart and thicken the soup naturally without a separate thickener
Frying onion garnish
Adds sweet, caramelized depth and textural contrast to the smooth soup
Finishing with lemon
Acidity lifts the earthy lentils and balances the richness

Form & serving

Served
In a bowl, often blended smooth, with lemon wedges on the side
Temperature
Hot
Portion
A bowl as a light main or starter
Pairs with
Flatbread or pita · Lemon wedges · Fried bread croutons · Pickles

Character

Flavour

earthywarm-spicedsavorycitrusycomforting

Texture

Smooth, thick, velvety with crisp onion topping

Eaten

An everyday comforting soup, especially common in winter and as a Ramadan iftar opener across Iraq and the Levant.

When

year-round · especially winter and Ramadan

Variations & related

Regional variations

  • Egyptian shorbet ads · Egypt

    Very smooth, sometimes with carrot, cumin-forward

  • Levantine shorbat adas · Lebanon, Syria, Jordan

    May include greens like chard (rishta variants) or pasta

  • Iraqi adas · Iraq

    Cumin-and-lemon profile with fried onion garnish

Related dishes

  • sibling Shorbet ads (Egyptian)

    Egyptian cousin, typically blended very smooth

  • pairs-with Pita bread

    Standard accompaniment for scooping

Substitutions

  • Red split lentilsYellow split lentilsadmissible

    Similar disintegrating texture; acceptable

  • Red lentilsWhole green/brown lentilsinadmissible

    They hold shape and won't thicken into the smooth soup

  • Lemon juiceVinegarinadmissible

    Loses the characteristic citrus brightness

Common mistakes

  • Using whole lentils that stay firm instead of breaking down
  • Skipping the cumin or lemon that define the flavor
  • Forgetting the fried onion garnish that completes the dish
  • Under-seasoning so it tastes flat and starchy

Provenance

Red lentil soup is an ancient Middle Eastern staple, shared and beloved across Iraq, the Levant and Egypt with regional seasonings.

Shared by: Iraq, Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Egypt

References

  1. 1.Iraqi and Levantine home cooking
  2. 2.Middle Eastern culinary tradition

Confidence: high

Built on these foundations

2

The base preparations this dish is assembled from — open one for its master ratio & method.